Columbiana EMS

The information contained in these pages is offered solely as basic first aid advise.
It is certainly not intended to replace proper first aid training.
Nor is it intended to be a replacement for seeking proper medical treatment

In the event of an emergency, dial 9-1-1

Prompt and decisive measures must be taken
in all emergencies involving hemorrhaging.

There are five methods of bleeding control:

1. Direct pressure
2. Elevation
3. Cold applications
4. Digital Pressure (pressure points)
5. Tourniquet

Direct Pressure:
This is the method of choice in over 90 percent of all bleeding.
Regardless of the bleeding source, pressure is applied directly
to the wound with a sterile compress and held in place with a
snug bandage (pressure dressing)

Elevation:
In wounds or injuries to an extremity, apply direct pressure
and elevate the part. The force of gravity retards the flow
of blood, and continued elevation will stop the bleeding.

Cold Applications:
The use of cold compresses or cold packs for nosebleeds
and other suspected internal bleeding will slow or stop
bleeding.  In contusions, cold applications will prevent
discoloration. Prolonged use of cold packs is to be avoided,
for it will retard circulation and may lead to tissue damage.

Digital Pressure (pressure points):
Pressure on the pressure points will control arterial bleeding
to the area supplied by that artery. There are occasions when
the bleeding part is in an area not accessible for direct pressure.
In this case, the bleeding should be controlled by a pressure
point until the part is freed and bleeding can be controlled by
a pressure dressing.

Tourniquet:
Application of a tourniquet can only be considered when all
other methods of bleeding control fail. When the decision is
made to use it, always place it between the wound and the
heart and as close to the wound as possible. Once applied it
must not be removed except by medical personnel. A tourniquet
is a constricting band which can be placed around an extremity
and tightened until all arterial bleeding stops. The tourniquet
should be tight enough to stop the bleeding. If it is too tight it
may damage muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.